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Tips from A to Z  

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  D is for Drop Ratio
Vary the sample:reagent drop ratio. A typical sample:drop ratio is 1:1. Try a sample:drop ratio of 1 part sample:2 parts reagent as well as 2 parts reagent:1 part sample.

Varying the drop ratio will change the initial and final sample concentration and the initial reagent concentration and also alter the equilibration kinetics between the drop and the reservoir.

Varying the drop ratio can be helpful when trying to reproduce conditions when changing crystallization methods and can also be a useful screening and optimization variable.
  D is for Drafts
Temperature is often a significant and overlooked crystallization variable. Temperature can sometimes be an unwanted crystallization variable in labs subject to temperature changes. Temperature fluctuations are especially troublesome because unless they temperature changes are intentional and accurately produced and recorded, the temperature fluctuations are difficult or impossible to reproduce. Keep the following in mind when selecting a location to store crystallization experiments.

How does the temperature of the room fluctuate over the course of a day, over the weekend, during the month, over the year?

Place a thermometer in a container full of water (allowed to equilibrate to the location temperature) and observe the temperature fluctuation over time to determine the temperature stability of the location.

Is the area subject to drafts such as opened and closed doors, under a heating or air conditioning duct, or near a heat producing device?

Avoid storing experiments near windows or walls that are in contact with the outside of the building.

Is the heating or air conditioning turned off in the evening or on weekends in your facility? If yes, substantial temperature changes can occur, especially during very cold or hot days/nights.

In an effort maintain a more constant "room temperature" store the plates in a quality, commercial incubator set at the desired "room temperature". Since most of us cannot swallow spending money for a room temperature incubator, consider storing the plates in an unplugged or non-working refrigerator, styrofoam box, or "ice box", or "cooler".

Use a quality incubator to store crystallization experiments.
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