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    Detergent Concentration During Screening
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    Detergent Concentration During Screening
Under sitting or hanging vapor diffusion conditions where the protein-detergent complex crystallizes the free/bound detergent reaches equilibrium. When one opens the experiment the drop begins to evaporate and the detergent concentration will increase in the drop, which can dissolve or crack the crystals. This can also occur when stabilization/freezing buffers have too high a detergent concentration so consider this during cryo procedures. Some have reported that too high detergent concentrations inhibited crystallization, perhaps by having too high a concentration of free detergent micelles, which may interfere with the crystallization of the protein-detergent complex. Consider that there is often constant detergent exchange between the solvent and the crystal except perhaps in instances where the detergent associated specifically with the protein in the crystal (Silver Bullet effect). One way to solve the problem of vapor diffusion set ups resulting in too high of detergent concentration after the drop is equilibrated is to set up the drops with lower initial detergent concentrations. As the concentrations of salt and PEG or other chemicals in the drop increases, the detergent CMC decreases, even for non-ionic detergents. Therefore, by dropping the detergent concentration, often to just below the apparent CMC, one may have a better chance at growing nice stable crystals.
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