Are you looking to get started in crystallization? Check out some of our Crystal Growth 101 guides to help you.

Hampton Research Buffer Formulation Details about the formulation of Hampton Research buffers, including how to titrate, useful pH range, pKa and more. Download

Hampton Research Catalog - Volume 18 Pdf version of the most current Hampton Research catalog, Volume 18. Download

Preliminary Sample Preparation What to do and what not to do while preparing your sample for crystallization. Download

Crystal Growth Techniques There are several techniques for setting up crystallization experiments (often termed "trials") including sitting drop vapor diffusion, hanging drop vapor diffusion, sandwich drop, batch, microbatch, under oil, dialysis, and free interface diffusion. Here we offer an overview of these crystallization techniques. Download

Hanging Drop Vapor Diffusion Crystallization The hanging drop vapor diffusion technique is the most popular method for the crystallization of macromolecules. The principle of vapor diffusion is straightforward. A drop composed of a mixture of sample and reagent is placed in vapor equilibration with a liquid reservoir of reagent. Download

Sitting Drop Vapor Diffusion Crystallization The sitting drop vapor diffusion technique is another popular method for the crystallization of macromolecules. The principle of vapor diffusion is straightforward. A drop composed of a mixture of sample and reagent is placed in vapor equilibration with a liquid reservoir of reagent. Download

Crystallization Under Oil Crystallization under oil is a method where a small drop of sample combined with the crystallization reagent of choice is pipetted under a layer of oil. This is also known as MicroBatch Crystallization. Oils can also be used as a barrier between the reservoir and the drop in traditional Hanging or Sitting Drop crystallization experiments. This is known as Vapor Diffusion Rate Control. Download

Dialysis Crystallization Crystallization by dialysis is an easy variation to the typical vapor diffusion method used to grow crystals. In the dialysis method the sample in question is separated from the ³precipitant² by a semi-permeable membrane which allows small molecules such as ions, additives, buffers, and, salts to pass but prevent biological macromolecules from crossing the membrane. Equilibration kinetics depend upon the molecular weight cut-off of the dialysis membrane, the precipitant, the ratio of the volume, the concentration of the components inside and outside of the dialysis cell, and the geometry of the cell. Download

Viewing Crystallization Experiments How to observe crystallization experiments under the microscope and what you may see in your drops. Download

Crystallization Scoring Sheet 24 well plate format scoring sheet for screening and optimization. Download

Crystallization Screening Report An easy to use scoring sheet for a 24 well 4 by 6 crystallization plate. Download

Salt or Protein Crystals? Is it protein or is it salt? Download

Crystallization Buffers Table Table of frequently used crystallization buffers and their useful pH range. Download

Temperature as a Crystallization Variable Temperature can be a significant variable in biological macromolecule and small molecule crystallization. Temperature often influences nucleation and crystal growth by manipulating the solubility and supersaturation of the sample. Download

Using Halides for Phasing Macromolecular Structures Preliminary research shows that bromide (as well as iodide) can diffuse into protein crystals when soaked with the appropriate solution and can successfully be used for phasing. Download

Sitting Drop Vapor Diffusion Crystallization for Small Molecules and Peptides The sitting drop vapor diffusion technique for small molecule and peptide crystallization. The principle of vapor diffusion is straightforward. A drop composed of a mixture of sample and reagent is placed in vapor equilibration with a liquid reservoir of reagent. Download

Crystallization Tips from RAMC Meetings A collection of crystallization tips presented at RAMC (Recent Advances in Macromolecular Crystallization) meetings. Download

Sodium potassium phosphate dilution and pH table Use this table to easily create Sodium potassium phosphate reagents between 0.2 and 4.0 M while varying the pH between 5 and 8.2. Download

Using Volatile Buffers to Adjust Drop pH and Induce Crystallization Volatile buffers, when added only to the reagent reservoir of a vapor diffusion experiment, can alter the pH of the crystallization drop by vapor diffusion of the volatile acid or base component from reservoir into the drop. This may be particularly useful when the sample is known to have pH dependent solubility and may be used to induce crystallization. Download

Protein Concentration versus the Number of Crystals Reported Protein concentration (mg/ml) versus number of crystals grown for 2,953 biological macromolecules reported from the BMCD. Download

Polyethylene glycol stability PEG Stability: A Look at pH and Conductivity Changes over Time in Polyethylene Glycols Download